Hand Crossbow

The hand crossbow is a small, one-handed crossbow that can be held and fired with a single hand. Despite its size, it maintains respectable stopping power with 1d6 piercing damage. This martial ranged weapon is unique for having the Light property, which opens up interesting build options when combined with the Crossbow Expert feat. The hand crossbow represents precision engineering and is often favored by rogues, rangers, and tactical fighters who value mobility and attack frequency.

At a Glance

Type
Weapon
Cost
75 gp
Weight
3 lbs
Martial Ranged WeaponAmmunition (range 30/120)LightLoading

Mechanics

Damage: 1d6 piercing. Ranged weapon attack using Dexterity modifier. Range: 30/120 feet (normal range 30 feet, long range with disadvantage up to 120 feet). The Light property is unusual for a ranged weapon. The Loading property means you can fire only one piece of ammunition when you use an action, bonus action, or reaction to fire this weapon, regardless of the number of attacks you can make - unless you have the Crossbow Expert feat, which ignores the loading property. Requires bolts for ammunition.

Common Mistakes

Common Mistake
Forgetting the Loading property prevents multiple attacks per turn (Extra Attack doesn't work without Crossbow Expert feat)
Common Mistake
Not realizing you need a free hand to load the crossbow (even with ammunition drawn automatically)
Common Mistake
Thinking Light property allows two-weapon fighting with hand crossbows (you need Crossbow Expert feat to ignore Loading)
Common Mistake
Assuming hand crossbows are better than other ranged weapons for most builds (they're not without Crossbow Expert)
Common Mistake
Not understanding that Crossbow Expert feat makes hand crossbows extremely powerful

DM Tips

DM Tip
Hand crossbows are mediocre without Crossbow Expert feat, exceptional with it
DM Tip
Crossbow Expert + hand crossbow allows bonus action attacks, making this the highest DPR ranged build
DM Tip
The 75 gp cost is the most expensive standard weapon, making it a significant investment
DM Tip
Perfect for rogues with Crossbow Expert who want to maximize attacks per turn
DM Tip
The 30-foot normal range is quite short - positioning matters more with this weapon
DM Tip
Great for spy, assassin, or urban rogue NPCs
DM Tip
Consider the build implications before allowing easy access to Crossbow Expert feat
DM Tip
The Loading property means this weapon is nearly useless for characters with Extra Attack unless they have Crossbow Expert

Frequently Asked Questions

Sources & Further Reading